it is Assumed that in the intensive scenario, sustainable reduction of greenhouse gas emissions will commence in 2035, and by 2050 it will reach 40-50 percent relative to the 1990 level. Most strongly it will affect businesses with a high level of carbon footprint and energy consumption, in particular chemical, petrochemical and metallurgical industry. This list includes the mining industry, many enterprises which are actively used in the manufacture of chemical processes.
It will require from the Industrialists a lot of effort, but the planned indicators can be very real. There are many promising projects that are being implemented or can be implemented in production. Now significantly reduced the volume of industrial emissions in the Murmansk region – one of the most urbanized areas of the Russian Arctic, where there are five major industrial centers. In 2018, the enterprises of the region are thrown into the atmosphere 215,3 thousands of tons of pollutants – is 11.4% less than in 2017, as reported in the annual report of the Ministry of natural resources of the region. Also 1.34 million cubic meters, decreased discharge of sewage.
according to the environmental policy of big business to the Arctic, the decline will continue. In particular, the significant contribution it made to the construction of briquetting at the site of the Transpolar subsidiary of the company “Norilsk Nickel”. This had closed the burning area and reduced sulphur dioxide emissions by 33.5 thousand tons per year. In 2015, they were 117.3 thousand tons in 2019 decreased to 60,3 thousand, and in 2021, their level will be not more than 0.2 thousand tons per year. In addition, in settlement Nickel of Murmansk region is closed smelter, which was working on obsolete technology. Thanks to it the emissions of sulphur dioxide in the cross-border area with Norway completely stopped, but only on the Kola facility by 2021 they will be reduced by 85 percent.
a Similar program in the region implements the group “FosAgro”. Company “Apatit”, included in its structure, resets annually to the water bodies of the Murmansk region about 70 million cubic meters nedookislennye mine waters. In addition, Apatite-nepheline beneficiation plant (ANOF-2), which is in the same production structure, do the “tails” – the waste from the processing of Apatite-nepheline ore, which serves as raw material for the production of Apatite concentrate and mineral fertilizers. The tailing dump of ANOF-2 is located in the White lip of Imandra lake, 8 kilometres from the industrial site of enrichment plant and 9 kilometres North-West of the city of Apatity. This is one of the largest tailings of Russia on area and volume. Annually from the concentration plant there is over 6 million cubic meters of “x��skeleton” of enrichment. According to scientists, the wind dusting open beaches and tailings dam leads into the air annually, nearly 250 tons of inorganic dust.
the Strategic goal of businesses in this area – to reduce by 2025 the proportion of emissions by 5 percent. Using a variety of technologies to reduce dusting “the tails”. For example, the applied reagents, covering them with a thin film and not giving the dust to rise into the air. Earlier it was used bitumen emulsion, but her odor was coming to town and annoyed residents. From bitumen emulsions refused and began to use more sophisticated reagents. One of them, by the way, has the smell of freshly brewed beer. Developed options for application to the surface of the tailings Murmansk region latex coating.
There are biological methods of fixing the “tails.” In the Arctic learned to germinate on the surface of the tailings a variety of plants – particularly red clover and a. sandy. It is more environmentally friendly, but also more complex technology, on which work is continuing.
to Consolidate the tailings this way is not so difficult if they have ceased to grow, – said the adviser to the head of the Kola scientific centre of the RAS Vladimir Masloboev. In this case, sowing, rooting of grasses and the formation of sod are fine. But if the tails continue to be, the plants can’t germinate. We continue to work with the company to develop measures to prevent dusting.
the specialists of the Kola centre of RAS the fifth year are pilot tests for removal from the mine water enterprise “ALCON” nitrates, nitrites and ammonium nitrogen using biplot. We are talking about the Islands from plants, which quickly grow long roots. On the roots inhabited by rhizosphere bacteria. This complex – roots plus micro-organisms – cleans mine water from nitrogen compounds that are released when blasting in the mines. As shown by experiments, during the summer season, this way you can clean the water of nitrogen at 95-96 percent. However, in winter this technology is not working, so you have to look for them peretaplivanii to plants and bacteria continued to work under the ice or, at least, would normally survive the winter. The developers hope that this method of water treatment will be in demand for many mineral processing plants – both in the Arctic and in other regions.
– While the implementation of these technologies is not as fast as we would like, – stressed Vladimir Masloboev. One of the reasons that we are not yet able to offer cheap and time efficient options. Although many developments, we are engaged in the methods of purification of mine waters from suspended solids and t��heavy metals at the Severny mine of Kola mining and metallurgical company. Working methods of purification of mine waters from fluorine and suspension for the Lovozero mining and processing plant. This work started not so long ago, now we are about half way there, but progress is being made.
Businesses need efficient technology is here and now, whereas research local specialists sometimes take years. So often, companies prefer to buy ready-made application, not waiting for inventors bring their technology to mind. But not everything can be bought, sometimes requires technologies tailored to the local peculiarities of nature and production specifics. But in General, according to Vladimir Masloboev, cooperation between scientists and business in the field of ecology develops constructive and produces results.
