The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) plays a crucial role in understanding and predicting changes in climate and weather, among other important categories. Established in 1970, NOAA’s roots can be traced back to 200 years of scientific heritage. President Thomas Jefferson founded the first civilian scientific agency in the United States, The Survey of the Coast, in 1807. This agency was created to enhance maritime safety, support commerce and trade, and ensure national defense.
NOAA’s Subagencies and Roles
NOAA is comprised of six subagencies, each serving a unique purpose in fulfilling its mission. The National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Services (NESDIS) provides access to global environmental data and information from satellites and other sources to promote national security, environmental protection, economic growth, and quality of life. The National Marine Fisheries Service safeguards the nation’s fisheries, which contribute billions of dollars in sales and job creation in the marine fishing sector.
The National Ocean Service supports coastal economies and their contributions to the U.S. economy along all three coasts. The Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research predicts physical, chemical, and biological processes in the Earth system, developing new technologies to enhance NOAA’s services. The Office of Marine and Aviation Operations manages NOAA’s fleet of research and survey ships, as well as environmental data-collecting aircraft. This agency plays a critical role in hurricane reconnaissance and research during the tropical storm season.
The National Weather Service’s Impact
The National Weather Service (NWS) issues warnings during severe weather events such as floods, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes. Their timely warnings aim to protect property, support the economy, and most importantly, save lives. The NWS collaborates with local offices to provide on-site meteorologists for emergencies like hazardous material spills and wildfires. Through initiatives like Weather-Ready Nation, the NWS strives to enhance the nation’s response to weather extremes, fostering better communication from weather service offices to the public during severe weather events.
The NWS’s forecasts and warnings are not only beneficial to the public but also play a crucial role in supporting businesses and industries, ultimately bolstering the economy. With a forecast accuracy rate of around 90% in a five-day forecast and 80% in a seven-day forecast, the NWS provides reliable data and products to various organizations in both the private and public sectors. During the tropical storm season, the National Hurricane Center collaborates with the NWS to issue advisories, watches, and warnings, with a primary focus on saving lives and protecting property.
NOAA’s Role in Climate Monitoring
In addition to weather forecasting, NOAA also monitors greenhouse gases and oceans to understand how human-caused emissions interact with the atmosphere. By studying climate change and its impacts, NOAA aims to educate the public on the importance of taking action to mitigate climate risks. As the effects of climate change become more apparent, NOAA’s research and data analysis play a crucial role in informing policymakers and the public about the necessary steps to address environmental challenges.
NOAA’s dedication to advancing scientific knowledge and promoting environmental stewardship underscores its commitment to helping the United States thrive and prosper. The agency’s work is essential in ensuring the safety and well-being of all citizens, and its contributions should be valued and supported to continue its vital mission.