August 16 in Moscow, did not live one day before his 79th birthday, died Nikolai Gubenko, one of the most charming in its deceptive simplicity of actors and one of the most subtle and tragic film Directors of the Soviet cinema.Viktor Shklovsky coined the term “Hamburg score”. Say, once a year in Hamburg beer meeting secretly hung with medals in all possible fair fighters. They know the true value of the trinkets, but fighting in earnest, revealing in the name of honor the true best. Gubenko was an actor and Director, “according to Hamburg account”.His filmography plunges into shock. Just a dozen roles, from force half — main. Only six talent. In this case it seems that it was on the screen incredibly a lot — because of what is called the gift of presence, a significant presence in the frame and in the space of culture. Review the masterpiece of the Soviet new wave of “Boy and girl” (1966) Julia Veit. Gubenko there is absolutely nothing a couple of minutes. Train passenger in the vest playing guitar to a song of Gennady Shpalikov, “Honey, what year are you? And what of the ship? Ice, ice Ladoga sailing…”And manages to catch the lip of the ashtray belomoina that with bosyatskoy chic rolls in your mouth. All. Etched in my memory forever. No wonder the smartest fight has already been shot Gubenko in the role of mad vodka and despair of the deceased commander of the reconnaissance (“While the front in defense”, 1964), almost had a deal with the actor that he would be the mascot of all his films. Not converged: “a Boy and a girl” was banned, and fight for a long time was excommunicated from directing.There seems to be reasons to believe that Gubenko from Veit played himself. VGIK on the course to the legendary Sergei Gerasimov and Tamara Makarova he came after the orphanage and the Suvorov military school. Fatherless, the wounded animal. The “wounded game” (1976) he would call his masterpiece on war and dispersed — forest — cruel world the children of war. Gubenko was born in Odessa catacombs, under the bombs. Father, mechanic bomber, fell for their country in 1942. Mother, chief designer of the plant, then hung the occupants.A few years later they get married and live together for over half a century. The lady and the hooligan.The apparent ordinariness balsalobre face Gubenko compensated amazing facial expressions, plasticity and magically inconspicuous psychological nuances. Each character was easy as the simple poetry of his friend Gennady Shpalikov, but how different is simple. Bandit-the Fuhrer Arturo UI in the student production of the play Brecht: this role will lead Gubenko in the first part of the Taganka Theatre, where he will take on the directing faculty of VGIK, where will return to lead a breakaway after the return of Yuri Lyubimov from exile part of the team. One of the three comrades, heroes of the thaw manife��that Marlena hutsieva “I am twenty years” (1964), debonair ladies ‘ man with a rigid moral principle: do not knock. This role introduced Gubenko in the “Golden team” thaw movie with Khutsiev, Shpalikov, Veit, Svetlichny, Lyubshin. The Baltic “big brother” Zvorygin (“the Director” Alexey Saltykov, 1969), designed to create a Soviet auto industry. Oh, how he danced around the Apple burghers-the bride, as portrayed before her tiger, as he swore to buy — or steal — a bouquet of flowers. Finally, the husband of the Chairwoman of the Executive Committee (“I Ask”, Gleb Panfilov, 1975), balancing the petty-bourgeois philanthropy icy ideological wives: the voice, upon learning of the death of Salvador Allende, and he Volosevich, swearing: “I decided that with the kids, something happened!”Complicated, nuanced, at times refined compared to the actor Gubenko was Gubenko Director. Unlike most actors-Directors, he only once played himself in his main role of a helicopter pilot-test (“If you want to be happy”, 1974). Three more modest role of the second plan. He obliged the Soviet cinema two of the strongest dramas on the echoes of war. “Wounded animal” — about the country, vainly preemptive military trauma. And terrible directorial debut “a soldier Came from the front” (1971) about the one-armed man, who lost his wife a soldier trying to revive the ashes of the native collective farm and the incredible courage of the scenario is lost, torn, almost in the middle of the movie. The same trouble filled the air “If you want to be happy.” While her husband was in conjunction with a fellow Yankee rescues flood victims in India — the policy of detente cultivated such stories— wife-TV reporter tries in vain to penetrate the armor of doublethink their simple characters. The couple played a married couple Sukhinah for the record minted state-owned nonsense, and should turn the camera off, slicing the truth: like, still bad, but what is bad — and not to articulate.Read galeata in the air “life of leisure” (1980), seemingly simple resort romance of two middle-aged and grated people’s lives. But this novel is played out deep almost deserted in the fall, and now it seems that Gubenko filmed a movie about deep autumn not only his characters, but also their country. And how decadent, visionary beautifully could make this orphan, this criminals, that hurt, that scene is not romantic survival thieves besprizornye in the postwar Odessa (“the wounded”) that the cold sea (“From the life of vacationers”).In 1988, Gubenko said goodbye to the profession “Forbidden zone” — her most imperfect, almost raskatannym but irresistible sincere film. The film was recorded in the category of disaster movies, although it was a political parable. Hurricane collapsing in 1984, Ivanovo oblast, a metaphor of the restructuring that destroys human solidarity and ��egalize worst instincts. All: to shoot more and play he could not and did not want. He went into politics.In 1995 he first was elected from the Communist party in the Duma, where four years later he headed the Committee on culture, and particularly successful, despite the apparent hopelessness of the case, opposed the decision on the restitution of cultural values of Germany and could take a different view of the military “hurt”. This post nearly led to the rupture of Gubenko from the party. In 2002, the “Unity” faction formed a new coalition, depriving the Communists of a number of senior positions, after which the Communist party decided to withdraw its members from all posts of heads of committees. Nikolai Gubenko refused to leave and lost party card, but after a year he was reinstated in the party.Since 2005 he was the permanent Deputy of the Moscow city Duma, and from 2009 he held the post of Vice Chairman. In the elections of 2019 Gubenko included in the list of so-called “Smart voting” — a system developed by the politician Alexey Navalny for supporting the strongest opposition candidates. The Deputy Gubenko, whose re-election and so was virtually guaranteed (“United Russia” has put up in his constituency their candidate), spoke strongly against: “I don’t need the support of those who destroy our state and trying to make political capital on the fact that the forces created by all the people”. In the end, Gubenko got absolutely the best result among all candidates (61,65% of the vote), but, unlike some colleagues in the faction who became deputies thanks to the “Smart vote”, never made harsh statements against the authorities and the ruling party.Mikhail Trofimenkov, Elena Rozhkova
