on August 15 in Russia and several republics of the former USSR is traditionally celebrated on the day of the archaeologist. Over the past nine years on a dig in Moscow found more than 45 thousand artifacts. What unusual historical finds were made in recent years — in the material mos.ru.
the Museum discovered a bone chess piece of the elephant of the reign of Ivan the terrible. Inside it were hidden ten silver coins hand minted a total amount of five cents.
All the coins, according to preliminary estimates, was produced during the 30-40-ies of the XVI century, were in Vogue during the reign of Ivan the terrible. At that time, for a penny you could buy a goose.
Bony figure of the elephant is hollow inside and is comprised of three parts, which are connected to each other via the thread. Most likely, so were the other pieces of this chess set.
After the figure found a hiding place, the staff of the Moscow museums have decided to study its holdings for the presence of such artifacts. In the end, the employees of the Museum managed to uncover another chess piece, inside of which was supposedly hidden treasure. Archaeologists found it in 1993 during a large-scale excavations at the Manege square. Here in the XVIII–XIX centuries was the merchants manor Tree. The owner of the figures could be Mikhail Silin.
Another old chess piece, the archaeologists found on the street Ostozhenka during the excavations in the square near the convent of the nunnery. The artifact probably dates from the XVII–XVIII centuries. The figure is carved from bone, according to experts, is the elephant.
Wooden crucifix with the image of St. Sergius of Radonezh found during excavations in the area Kitaygorodskogo travel, near Zaryadye Park and the Moscow river. The cross was made in the late XVII — early XVIII century. On its front side is carved the crucifixion, and on the reverse a figure of one of the most venerated saints in Russia.
Wooden crucifixes were very common in Moscow, but they are rarely detected during excavation, so that the tree is poorly retained in the soil.
the Artifact has a pretty impressive size — nearly nine inches in length.
one of the blades of the cross visible traces of repairs — a piece of metal wire, bonding broken parts. This suggests that the owner of the treasured cross. Obverse side of which has been in contact with clothing, faded, probably from long socks. But on the reverse side of the carving is preserved in minute detail — in the background the figures of St. Sergius of Radonezh you can even see the swirls representing clouds.
a Revolver produced by the American company “Smith and Wesson” (Smith & Wesson Firearms Co) of the late nineteenth century and a badge with a police cap of the Soviet the last century found during�� excavations in Dolgorukovsky street. Findings are made on site, demolished in the 1960-ies.
Metallic badge with the emblem of the USSR — hammer and sickle — has been a hallmark of the Soviet militiamen. It was attached to the cap. Most likely, the owner of the badge received it in the 1920-1930-ies. And revolver was released in the late XIX century. Such weapons are often worn by the police in tsarist Russia.
experts believe that these items belonged to one man who served in the militia. Findings were hidden in the wall of the building, and after its demolition, probably hit the ground along with debris.
During excavations on the banks of the Yauza river in the area Serebryanicheskaya embankment archaeologists found metal badge janitor of the late nineteenth century. These icons began to produce in the city since 1879. The windshield wipers wore them on their caps until the revolution of 1917.
Although these badges were distributed in Moscow, they are rarely detected during excavation. Unique item has been preserved only partially. In his excerpt, you can see the inscription: “Janitor No. 4 Dmitry Nilov”.
Archaeologists often find household items, but items costume — discovery are quite rare and therefore always desirable. Even if the details of the dress or shoes found in not quite good condition, archaeologists are willing to spend a lot of time to install as they looked centuries ago. So, for example, came from a lady’s slipper the beginning of the XIX century. Found it in 2017 in Zamoskvorechye then it was a small lump of skin. His carefully straightened, cleared and put on a cloth base. The result was something like a ballet shoes about 34-35 size.
part of ancient ceramic vessels or vases were found during excavations in the area Gogolevsky Boulevard. About a dozen small shards of pit-comb ceramics, each of which measures two to five centimeters, managed to extract from the excavation to a depth of four meters.
the Fragments belong to the Neolithic period (late stone age). This confirms that nearly six thousand years ago on the territory of the historical centre of Moscow people have lived. Earlier the same place was discovered a flint arrowhead, which belongs to the same time.
the Glass of the XVIII century was found during landscaping Kadashevsky alleys and the Church of the Resurrection in kadashi. Its value was not the value, and status. On the wall of the glass is preserved fragment of the monogram of Catherine II in a circle with radiating rays of different length.
In the Russian Empire there was a tradition of giving away Souvenirs to those present at the coronation of royalty. The artifacts that testify to this, Moscow archaeologists have found before. But this stackEN — the earliest found. Apparently, he belonged to the party celebrations on September 22, 1762 — the coronation of Catherine II.
In Kostyanskiy lane discovered coin hoard of Peter’s time. It was in a ceramic vessel found at a depth of five feet.
analysis of the shape, manufacturing technology and size suggests that the detected object is the ink of Western European production.
the vessel was kept 98 coins one penny manual embossing of white metal. They were produced in 1682-1712 years. The total weight of the treasure, 24.25 grams. Most of the coins in circulation was not.
In the area where you found the treasure, previously occupied by one of the Riflemen freedoms. Moscow archers were exempt from the draft duties and enjoyed privileges — they could drink wine to participate in the trade. After the Streltsy revolts in 1682 and 1698 years Peter I signed a decree on the replacement of the Streltsy regiments of the regular army and the settlement was disbanded.
In 2019 during the work in Kostyanskiy lane, archaeologists found a set of gold coins of five and 10 rubles — about 60 pieces. Experts date them to the turn of the XIX and XX centuries: they probably hid until better times in the basement during the revolution or Civil war. Now the cost of this treasure is estimated in one million roubles one of the largest hoards found in the last few years.
In the two villages on the banks of the river a Small Pine in those areas, and experts have discovered more than a thousand household items of the XIV–XIX centuries. The largest historical value of these are two coins of white metal, minted in the Golden Horde in the late XIV — early XV century. Rather, it is dirhams.
Such discoveries are very important for studying the history of the city as illustrate the relationship between Muscovy and the Golden Horde. The discovery on this spot of the dirhams can be explained by the fact that along the old Kaluga roads was a settlement of the peasants who worked the representatives of the Golden Horde in the Grand Duchy of Moscow. They apparently belonged to the coin.
household Items XIV–XVI centuries found in 2015 on the territory of the Park “Zaryadye” under fragments three tiers of wooden bridge. Scientists have established that it is part of the great streets, which in the XII–XVI centuries passed from the Kremlin to the banks of the Moscow river there was located the Marina.
the area where the “Charge” was a busy trading centre of medieval Moscow. This is confirmed by excavations artifacts: small household items that usually lost in the path of merchants and travelers. Of particular interest is a lead seal from a roll of cloth produced in Flanders. This medieval state hadcamping on the territory of modern France, Belgium and the Netherlands. Such a commodity of seals was a Testament to the quality of European goods and pay customs duties.
Artifact with an unusual history has been discovered by archaeologists on the street Kazakova. Vintage safety Deposit box with evidence of burglary was found during work on the extension of the right of way for the paths of the Moscow-Kursk railway. Judging by the marking, it was manufactured in the late XIX — early XX century, at the famous plant, “Moeller” (W. Moeller), specializing in the production of metal fireproof cabinets. Its safes were known in Russia and abroad high reliability. As evidence of the owners of the brand were laid in a stash of every tenth box diamond weighing one carat.
For private use to buy a safety Deposit box could only very wealthy people or companies.
the Location of the find is extremely unusual: safety Deposit box found in the railway ditch. Experts suggest that the artifact was stolen, hacked and dumped in a ditch. This explains the lack of doors, as well as deformation of the walls and offices, where the hiding place was. To cope with burglary and transporting such a storage facility could only be a group of people, as the weight of the safe was found about 100 kilograms.
