is it Possible to increase your savings when around the pandemic, self-isolation, economic collapse? Unfortunately, for most Russian families, the question is not relevant: they have to hold on to paycheck. But if any savings there, they need to carefully manage considering changing from day to day circumstances. Accumulation is better not to keep under his pillow, and to make them work. Those who used to spend all at once, now it’s time to change the strategy of financial conduct and to establish a personal “safety cushion”. We have gathered easy ways to increase capital, and tools is more difficult – for any level of financial literacy. Reliability, profitability and risks of each method “MC” helped to evaluate the financial analyst.
Bank Deposit
the good way to invest a large sum of money is Bank Deposit. They are those who do not want to bother: get the money in the Bank and earn interest. The main rule when choosing a Bank is its participation in the Deposit insurance system. This guarantees the investor a payout of up to 1.4 million in the event of bankruptcy of the credit institution.
the Deposits are denominated, currency and multicurrency. From the point of view of profitability, the most profitable ruble. Now the average rate on ruble deposits at top 10 banks, is of 5.43%. In the preparation of Deposit programs banks focus on the key rate of the Central Bank. We will remind, the Central Bank in late April lowered at the end of April to 5.5%. The regulator advises not to attract deposits at a rate of 2% above the average rate that such “generous” banks will attract the attention of regulatory agencies. The terms of payment of interest, schedule changes, Deposit rate, Deposit term and possibility of extension must be clearly spelled out in the contract. Foreign currency deposits need to be careful: the rate may even be negative, for banks to hold the currency is not profitable.
Remember: 2021 comes into force a law on tax on income on deposits above 1 million rubles, to pay it will have in 2022. It applies to all deposits of one person in different banks. Tax of 13% will be levied on income above a certain threshold. This limit is calculated according to the formula: key rate from 1 million rubles. Now it is 55 thousand rubles. Let’s say you have a million in the Bank is at the rate of 5.43%. Your income – 54 300 rubles. Tax no need to pay. If you have 1.4 million rubles at the same rate, the income of 76 thousand rubles. To calculate the tax base from this amount deduct limit is 55 thousand rubles. The 13% tax you have to pay with 21 thousand. You will be charged 2730 rubles. Including tax, the yield of deposits will decrease even more.
Commented Director of sales office “BCS” Vyacheslav Abramov: Input is the easiest way of investing money with the purpose of preservation and genderexercises income. When choosing a Bank for placing the Deposit you need to pay attention to the license on carrying out banking activities, the Bank joined the system of the Agency for Deposit insurance and conditions on the Deposit.
Apartment investment
Now, the government has proposed anti-crisis subsidized mortgage at 6.5%. It will operate until November 1. Prior to this the average mortgage rate was approximately 9%. The measure is intended to support developers, so a reduced mortgage, you can only buy an apartment in a new building. Limited and the value of real estate: up to 8 million rubles in Moscow region, Saint-Petersburg and Leningrad region. In other regions – up to 3 million Initial payment shall be not less than 20%.
the Apartment is now worth buying for those who have long planned, has the required amount and a financial cushion for 2-3 mortgage payment. If you are considering buying an apartment as an instrument for income (from rent or resale), it is important not to lose its liquidity and return on investment.
Vyacheslav Abramov: in high demand by tenants and buyers, as a rule, enjoy one and two bedroom apartments, close to downtown or large residential areas. If we take the average odnushku in Moscow, it will cost somewhere in the 7-10 million roubles depending on area. Will you rent it for 30-40 thousand rubles, which will give 5-6% per year of income. But there is a risk of idle apartments in the initial period before the surrender, and in between, when someone can move out. In addition, the depreciation of the flats could eat the entire income from the rental.
Buying and selling currency
over the last two months, the Russian national currency has fallen in price almost on 10 roubles against the dollar. Such variations make you think about what is the difference in rates you can earn. Someone was lucky to buy dollars when they cost much cheaper. However, to buy or sell a currency at banks and exchange offices are not profitable. The difference between the exchange rate and the domestic rate of sale of the Bank may be 1-3%. When large sums of losses will be felt. Currency profitable to buy and sell on the exchange. For this you need to open a brokerage account at a Bank or a licensed brokerage firm. The broker takes a Commission per transaction from 0.05 to 0.3% depending on the tariff. Then currency or rubles can be transferred to a regular Bank account.
Vyacheslav Abramov: the purchase of the currency has two purposes. The first is to speculate on exchange rate difference: curve but of course not too predictable, there is a risk to lose. Another goal is to diversify their assets. Of course, in addition to rubles, and need to have currency in the portfolio. Dollar inflation is lower than the ruble. Suggest to buy currency at slightly better not in a situation of high volatility like now, but in a calm and stable periods of sharp exchange rate fluctuations.
Individual investment account
an Alternative to Bank deposits offered by the state is an individual investment account (IIA). Here, too, can not do without a broker because with the help of IMS, you can buy securities. There are two types of individual investment accounts. The advantage of type A – that in addition to income from securities, it allows you to make a tax deduction in the amount of 13% of the amount deposited, but not more than 52, 000 a year. This account is opened with at least 3 years, if you withdraw the money earlier, less to can’t. Put on it can be a maximum of 1 million rubles, but 13% can be returned only with the amount of 400 thousand rubles. Of course, you must have official income at the same tax deductions the state hands out only to taxpayers. The deduction may not exceed the amount of your tax deductions for the current year. That is, with the help of IMS type And it is possible to make money and not buying shares. For three years, simple storage for your IMS to a maximum of 156 thousand rubles.
Investment account type does not include the deduction, but allows you to not pay taxes on income from securities. This RIS will fit more active investors, who are willing to understand the proposals of the stock market, instead of relying on someone else’s help.
Vyacheslav Abramov: Consider the profitability of IIS on a specific technique. The investor selects the type of deduction A. He deposited 400, 000 and bought, for example, Federal loan bonds with a yield of 6%. Investor at year-end provides a broker with a certificate 2-pit, on the basis of it prepare all documents to obtain a deduction of 13%. Thus, the investor receives income of about 19% per year. IIA type B is suitable for those who do not receive official salaries.
Trade on the stock market
With the help of IIS or a regular brokerage account in the stock you can buy and sell stocks, bonds, Eurobonds, currency, futures, options. In the field of securities subject to the General law: the higher the yield, the more risk. Beginners should start with buying reliable securities. The most stable are considered state – Federal loan bonds (OFZ), but their yield is only 1-1. 5% higher than the return on Bank deposits. Stable are also preference shares of companies – it is known in advance dividends, the profit is not very high.
Vyacheslav Abramov: Trade on the stock exchange is of two types: speculative (active) and investment (long term portfolio). I recommend novice investors to choose a classic, the investment approach. For practice a small part of the portfolio can speculate, most importantly, to consider all the risks. The owners of the brokerage account there is always the opportunity to consult with a broker. Active trade is the concept of “short” (trade or sell) and “long” (buy). Short is when an investor takes action like a loan, and then have to buy them at a better price (that is, to return the shares the stock exchange). The difference the investor takes in as income. Safer to trade from the “long” (i.e., buy the stock in the long portfolio), selecting papers reliable companies, and then sell them more expensive than bought.
But if there is no money?
In a crisis, you should think about revising the strategy of financial behavior. Now is not the time for impulsive shopping, update wardrobe with clothes from the new collection, pointless online shopping to lift the mood. This also applies to those who have “airbag” and those who did not create it. Second it’s not too late to release money from your current income. Here are some tips for the “poor”, which at our request was formulated by the experts:
– Reduce consumption. Buy only what is really necessary. The acquisition of a new set of bed linen, crockery and electrovalency can be postponed.
– to Revise tariffs, to cancel subscriptions that do not use. You just now need a data plan for calls from other countries?
– to Issue tax deductions. Taxpayers income the profit available deductions are of three types: economic, social (deduction for treatment and training) and investment (the IMS). To obtain a deduction if there is a reason you need to take help 2-personal income tax and to fill tax return. You need to return 13% of the declared expenditure. For example, in the case of buying an apartment the refund amount will make a formidable.
