American scientists from the Rockefeller University in new York found I had been ill COVID-19 antibodies that can protect people from re-infection. The scientific results prove the possibility of developing effective vaccines, which ultimately will defeat the pandemic coronavirus infection. The authors, who published in the repository of preprints and bioRxiv.
The study involved 149 people who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and recovered. They passed the blood plasma containing antibodies and produce them In immune cells. It mixed with pseudovirus SARS-CoV-2 — neutralized virus, which RNA replaced by nucleic acids of the host. The researchers tested how well the resulting mixture is able to infect a culture of human cells.
It turned out that 33 percent of the subjects the neutralizing capacity of the plasma was below the designated levels. Most likely, the body of these people coped with the virus at the first stage of the immune response when activated by the innate immunity, before he started making the antibodies. Most samples showed weak or moderate neutralizing capacity, however, one percent of donors, it was quite high.
A large number of neutralizing antibodies in the serum allows the researchers to isolate B cells that produce them, to clone the antibodies from these cells and used to generate a strong immune response from other people. Scientists have identified 40 antibody, effectively neutralizing the virus, and focused on three that were doing it even at low concentrations. To date, they have cloned and prepared for clinical use.
Effective antibodies bind to three different sites in the protein-the”spike” (S-protein), which plays a key role in the penetration of the virus into the host cells.
