scientists from South Korea wanted to the question of whether Sars-CoV-2 can also be due to aerosols in the air, on the bottom. For this you have studied in ferrets, whether this can only infect via direct contact or also by a stream of air with the Covid-19-pathogens Sars-CoV-2. Their observations, published recently in the journal “Cell Host & Microbe”.
aerosols are the finest moisture mist. Such, we set about on the Exhale free.
Only through direct contact with animals infected so that you have symptoms showed
ferrets are suitable for such an attempt, however, only of limited use, as you show in your course of the disease, although some Similarities to humans, however. Also ferrets develop, according to the researchers a fever, the Virus multiplies in the upper respiratory tract and can be for days in saliva samples, urine, and feces evidence. Serious illness or even deaths, it was not among the animals.
The researchers built for their investigation of two different Experiments. To a you gave with Sars-CoV-2 infected animal in a cage with healthy ferrets. It took two days until all the animals were infected with the Virus.
on The other, they were infected and healthy animals in two different cages. In the cage of the healthy animals in the surroundings was launched in the air of infected animals. Symptoms developed in this case in healthy ferrets.
The researchers were able to demonstrate up to four days of Virus RNA, i.e. viral DNA in the nasal mucosa and the feces of a healthy ferret, in the case of an animal, you even found antibodies against Sars-CoV-2.
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The ferrets were infected, so only through direct contact so that they showed symptoms. the A Transmission via the air is not excluded according to the researchers, but.
Roman Wölfel, a physician and Director of the Institute for Microbiology of the German armed forces in Munich, sees the study in Parts of is critical. While the direct Transferability of the pathogen can be demonstrated, says woelfel: “the animals of the indirect contact model, the data of the here described studies do not convince me, however, of an aerosol transmission.”
Because the animals would show no typical symptoms, the detection of the viruses in the RNA was high. Also, the fact that one of the animals has formed antibodies, did not speak for a Transmission over the air. “If an infection would have actually been transferred, I would increases here are also significant Titers of the neutralizing antibodies expect.” The physician concluded that further studies are needed to draw meaningful conclusions.
Various investigations Aerosol Transmission is not
the discussion over the possible spread of the Coronavirus by aerosols has been Driven, however, also a letter from the National Academics of Science, Engineering and Medicine in the United States (NAS). Therein, the NAS-infection Loge Harvey Fineberg and his colleagues write that the current research – support even though you allow currently only limited evidence – the possibility “that Sars-CoV-2 could be due to aerosols, the spread, at the expiration of infected persons”. FOCUS-Online-action #corona care: Germany helps!
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Fineberg refers in his letter, among other things, on a study by the University of Nebraska, which was released at the end of March on the Preprint Server “medRxiv”. The researchers in the room where Covid-19-patients were isolated, virus-RNA, even on hard-to-reach surfaces and in air samples collected in more than two meters distance from the patient, had found. “The fact that this RNA is found there, shows that the Virus spreads through aerosols,” said study lead author Joshua Santarpia, therefore. However, no complete virus could be found in the samples.
the authors of The NAS, writing that studies, the PCR-use Tests, to make the genetic material of the Virus to locate, the Virus may not in a lot of evidence that would be sufficient to cause an infection. However, the Emergence of viral genetic material (RNA) in aerosols suggest the possibility for such transmission of the virus.
in mid-March had pointed to a study in the “New England Journal of Medicine” for the first time, then that virus from aerosol droplets in the breathing air could be transported that are smaller than five microns. They could float for up to three hours long through the air, the pathogen infectious to stay.
The study has been widely criticized, because the Experiment have to do with the reality little. Charité-virologist Drosten said in the NDR Podcast about: “The Virus is in the air for a short period of time. It will coughs and stands as a coarse to medium-large tröpfiges Aerosol in the air. And the falls relatively quickly to the ground. This is not so, that a Virus is as a cloud in the air for hours, and also in the neighboring room.”
experts recommend widespread use of the mouth-nose protection in the public space
at this time is not so clarified from a scientific point of view, finally, whether the pathogen can be transmitted not only by coughing, but also via small droplets when Breathing.
“In Essence, conclude the American authors, that of an aerosol formation in SARS-CoV-2 is assumed, even if not yet the latest scientific evidence is available,” said Clemens Wendtner, chief physician, Schwabing in Munich clinic. “A crucial missing link is currently the direct detection of viable Virus in the air and in the exhaled air. the However, US scientists warn that already when you Exhale a risk to the immediate environment due to SARS-CoV-2 aerosols could go out.”
this Would confirm the Thesis that the virus could spread through respiratory air, would discuss a mouth guard duty again. the National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina recommends, according to the Wendtner is now a nationwide use of the mouth-nose cover or in a public space. “It is clear that this is more of a foreign protection and less of a self-protection is in the foreground, but the consistent use of the measure could result in the sum is also a self-protection,” explains the physician.
The U.S. researchers of the NAS-related in your letter, a study that comes to a similar conclusion. It comes from researchers led by Nancy Leung of the University of Hong Kong and is on 3. April in the journal “Nature Medicine” published. Leung and colleagues analyzed the Transmission of the novel Coronavirus, but the spread of already known human corona viruses, Influenza and rhinovirus, breathing air.
they came to the conclusion that surgical face could help masks to avoid Transfers, if they are worn by Sufferers.
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Thomas mettenleiter, President, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute in Greifswald, speaks can understand the reasoning of the US-Americans in your letter: “The statements are on the Basis of the available information is correct.” However, there is a need for further studies to understand the possible mode of Transmission better.
“being Proactive is often better than not hesitant to Wait”
at the clinic, waiting for this evidence always. “From a clinical point of view is also already on the suspicion that infection might be capable of aerosols in the air of the room of a patient with Covid-19 available, traded without awaiting the pending scientific proof of Infectivity,” says Wendtner. This applies, among other things, for intensive care units non-invasive ventilation, oxygen therapy, because in this therapy, high aerosol concentration in the ambient air would occur. Corona-office hours: here you can Set your question to Covid-19
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“few mobile HEPA-filter are also devices in these vulnerable areas such as intensive care units in use, which could provide additional protection through the Filter of aerosols without the use of the last scientific evidence in the sense of positive virus cultures of cells would be available,” says the physician.
Because: “A proven Motto in medicine is that being proactive is often better than too hesitant to Wait on a conclusive scientific evidence as to patient and employee protection are the highest Good.” “The fight of his life”: The British press commented on Johnson’s Corona-Drama FOCUS Online/Wochit “The fight of his life”: The British press commented on Johnson’s Corona-Drama
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