Thursday, July 16, the eve of the Day of the Navy in Russia for three Russian shipyard in St. Petersburg, Severodvinsk and Kerch – will be laid from six large warships: two nuclear submarines, frigates and multipurpose amphibious helicopter carrier. Such a massive construction of large warships, our country had not known since the Union. In Kerch for the laying of two Russian amphibious assault ships (UDC) of the project 23900 “Surf”, which are called the analogues of the French “Mistral”, went personally to President Vladimir Putin. “MK” has found out which ships will be laid for our Navy under the supervision of the President.
it is believed that sea power can call himself the only the country that not only has a powerful Navy, but it also owns such technologies of military shipbuilding that allow you to design and build ships of various classes, including ships far sea zone. These technologies are usually related to the creation of nuclear submarines, ships of class “frigate” and the amphibious helicopter carrier. Generally speaking, if a country can build nuclear submarines, already a diesel-electric for her – no problem. And if you can float a frigate, then it is able to create all types of surface ships: destroyers, cruisers, aircraft carriers and landing ships.
the Soviet Union was a country that could build such vessels. However, after the collapse of the Union of a shipbuilding capacity, especially with the secession of Ukraine was lost. Now modern Russia began not only to recover lost ground, but also to reach a new level of world shipbuilding, with every year more and more confidently securing his status as a great sea power.
the envy of the French
the Latest famous story associated with the ships, we’ve discussed virtually all of Russia, was the purchase of helicopter carrier “Mistral”, that in 2010 the Russian defense Ministry ordered in France shipyard in Saint-Nazaire. Then this idea Russia had many enemies, who believed that we should not sit on the technological hook of one of the NATO countries, and the ships of this class need to build for ourselves.
the debate on this issue was fought the hottest, but, in the end, everything was resolved by itself. And with the benefit of us. In 2014, when the Crimea became Russian, the United States imposed sanctions against our country. Under pressure from Washington, Paris was forced to terminate the deal on the “Mistral”. And it happened at a time when the Russian crew trained on the first ready the helicopter.
By that time, many NATO secrets as for our sailors and engineers were no longer, as the contract provided for the transfer of Rossiand technology for the combat information control systems of this type ships, as well as the development of panel Assembly ships. One of the elements of the ship’s hull was built at our shipyard and towed to the French Saint-Nazaire.
the French had to return to the Russian customer 950 million euros of advance payments after termination of the contract. So the Russian defense Ministry in the loser left.
And now, two ships of the same class are laid at the Russian shipyard in Kerch, that looks very symbolic: once out of the Crimea, France refused to deliver us their helicopter, and now in Crimea, we begin to build its the same.
it is argued that the Russian amphibious assault ships, a full copy of the French impossible. Although about a year ago, experts of the Center for naval analysis in Virginia, said that Russia, they say, is not able to develop a ship design similar to the “Mistral”, so she is going to copy it, using their shipbuilding capacity.
However, the American analysts got it wrong. Russian UDC 23900 “Surf”, which will be built at Kerch shipyard “Zaliv” on the project of Nevsky design Bureau is a completely Russian product. According to experts Krylovskogo center, our ships are bigger and much more modern French “Mistral”.
For comparison: landing class helicopter carrier “Mistral” with a length of 199 metres and has a total displacement – 21.3 thousand tons. His helicopter unit includes 8 landing and 8 assault helicopters. The ship has four light landing craft or two landing boats on an air cushion. On its cargo deck can accommodate 1,100 tons cargo: up to 470 paratroopers, or up to 40 tanks.
the New Russian UDC dimensions superior to “French”, with a length of 220 meters and a displacement of 25 tons. He will be able to have more than 20 heavy combat helicopters. The ship will have an ample dock camera for six landing craft. It can carry up to 70 units of large military equipment and more than 1000 Marines. Compared to the “toothless” the “Mistral”, which has only two launchers of anti-aircraft missile system Simbad, two 30-mm gun mounts Breda-Mauser, and four 12.7-mm machine gun, Russian UDC will be much more armed and more Autonomous.
As told to “MK” on the Kerch plant “Zaliv”, the first two ships, laid down in the presence of the President of the country, likely will be named Sevastopol and Kerch. And the amount of the contract military this spring for their construction, is estimated at 100 billion rubles.
marine power
on the same day in the shipyards of Severodvinsk was laid for two butnew nuclear submarine project 885M “Ash”, which received the name “Voronezh” and “Vladivostok”. Their bookmark, the President will follow from Kerch online.
Experts believe these submarines are the pinnacle of shipbuilding, based on all that rich experience, which was received by domestic shipbuilders in the history of building and operating nuclear submarines.
Submarine project 885M “Ash” have fundamental differences from most of the Soviet submarines, which had dvuhkonusnyh design. That is, the inner light body they had covered with one durable external shell, separated from the main ballast tanks. It was considered that in this case submarines have greater buoyancy.
a New submarine project “Yasen” and “Yasen-M” – polutorospalnye. Their outer casing is not fully covers the interior and only partially playing the role of a resonator for those noises that are coming out of the submarine. Thanks to this scheme submarines of this project are considered the most noise in the world, allowing them virtually unnoticeable to track the movement of carrier strike groups of the enemy.
Another unusual Soviet design school decision was the fact that the “Ash” from the bow of the boat, removed the torpedo tubes, which had previously always been in the forward compartment. Instead, there is a huge spherical antenna is the main part of the sonar system of the new generation.
a Nuclear reactor “Ash” is the most modern. Its design fundamentally reduces the potential for accidents and the effects of radiation on the crew. The lifetime of a new reactor without reloading is 25-30 years – about as much as a can last the boat itself.
But the most important advantage of “Ash” – their weapons: cruise missiles and torpedoes. Armed submarines have 10 torpedo tubes, the ammunition of which is 30 torpedoes and 8 launchers, which can charge 24 anti-ship cruise missiles “Onyx”, “Turquoise”, or “Caliber”. Control system their shooting is that the first missile launch could take place in four minutes after receipt of the command.
In the future, the basis of the strike power of these submarines should be a hypersonic cruise missile “Zircon”, with a range of 500 km and a speed of up to Mach 8, is not available for missile and air defense systems of any opponent, as missiles just don’t have time to track them and catch up.
And missile strikes on any targets – surface ships, submarines, land targets –”Ash” is capable of, even without surfacing. Well, if need be, on the surface, being right at the base at the quay wall.
according to experts, submarines “Ash” in the future, one hundredchickpea is the basis of the submarine group of the Northern fleet protecting Russian interests in the Arctic. While in the Northern fleet has only one multi-purpose submarine of this project – “Severodvinsk”, entered service in 2014. In the coming years and the fleet will need to obtain five such submarines, which plans to build its own base in the Arctic. According to experts, the submarine project “Ash” have a huge modernization potential. This will allow them a long time to stay in the Navy.
Admiral series
Along with the Severodvinsk and Kerch, on the “Severnaya Verf” in St. Petersburg is planned for the laying of two multipurpose frigates of project 22350, which will receive names of outstanding Soviet Admiral Emil Spiridonov and Ivan Yumashev.
Frigates of project 22350 Admiral of the so-called series is the first large military ships, which started being built in Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union. On them today making a major bet command of the Navy in the re fleet. It was originally planned that part of all four fleets will include 20 series 22350 frigates, but then an adjustment has been made to decrease their numbers. First to 15 and then to 12 ships. Only on “Northern shipyard” now comes the construction of six multi-purpose frigate distant Maritime zone.
the lead ship of this project – the frigate “Admiral Gorshkov” was laid in Saint Petersburg in 2006. The timing of its construction was delayed. First, due to rupture of cooperation with Ukraine, where the ship was made power plant, then due to lack of funding. As a result, only in 2018 on the ship raised the flag of St. Andrew, and in 2019 he went on his first sea trip.
In the same year in St. Petersburg in the presence of Vladimir Putin laid two more frigates of this series – “Admiral amelko” and “Admiral Chichagov”, which should be ready by 2024-mu and 2025 years, respectively. Completes test frigate of this series “Admiral Kasatonov” and preparing for the launching of the “Admiral Golovko”. All this gives the right to speak not about single-piece and serial production of Russian warships far sea zone.
Experts often compare the Russian frigate 22350 series with the American destroyers, on Board of which includes missiles, artillery systems, torpedoes and one or two helicopters. However, unlike them, the Russian frigates get more serious shock weapons are all the same missiles “Onyx”, “size” and “Zircon”. And their number on each new ship, compared to the first frigate in the series, will increase from 16 to 48 units. The same will strengthened their anti-submarine weapons, air defense systems in the far zone, which will significantly improve striking power of the new frigates compared to the “Admiral Gorshkov”. As a result of every frigate in isolation can pose a real threat to carrier strike groups of the U.S. Navy.
