Employment of people with disabilities is increasingly becoming an integral part of the social support of the population in any country. One of the most developed systems in this area exists in Sweden. The international day for the rights of persons with disabilities “b” to figure out how it works and what are the benefits to both their customers and the state.The last few years more and more countries in the world begin to develop a support system of employment of disabled people, giving them the opportunity to move from passive beneficiary to an active and fulfilling life. The undoubted progress in this area was achieved by Sweden, which shows one of the highest levels of employment of people with disability among OECD countries. Their are at least 2 million people — 20% of the total population (about 10 million). Of them work at least 60%, and the coverage programs of employment is at least 75% of the workforce.To achieve such a high rate of employment of people with disabilities Sweden managed through both legislative and practical changes. The first law establishing the right to work for disabled people, appeared in the country in 1974 — is now in legal force it has the latest version, adopted in 1982, the so-called Act on the protection of employment (LAS). In addition, over the past 20 years Sweden has also adopted a number of anti-discrimination laws that prevent an employer unreasonably to refuse employment to people with disabilities. Also in 2008, Sweden ratified the UN Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities, which is also allowed to adjust the country’s legislation based on best practices for persons with disabilities. Direct coordination policy of employment of disabled people in Sweden is undertaken by the Agency on the formation of the accessible environment under the Ministry of labour, also exists in the country and the post of the Commissioner for the rights of persons with disabilities. The Agency’s goal is to provide full participation in society for all, regardless of their functional abilities. To do this, the employees of the organization collect and analyze information, develop and distribute the methods aimed at including some of the restraints of persons with disabilities in their professional activities. The next level of organization of equal access to work — city. So, now the city of Stockholm with the help of its Committee for labour and employment is implementing the programme on creation of accessible environment and involvement of citizens for the period until 2023. As explained by Lars ahlenius, Deputy head of the relevant Department Committee, the program aims to help people with functional features to get a job and keep it, becoming competent workers. “We believe��that this is not only a social project we are working on solutions for the long term, which benefits both parties — worker and employer,” he says.At the Federal level these include the state Corporation “Samhall”, created in 1992. Now it works 25,5 thousand employees from 600 cities in Sweden. The turnover of the Corporation amounted to about 65 billion rubles per year, and the range of its services includes property management, transportation and cleaning. Also, units of the “Samhall” engaged in retail trade and production of goods. Also part of the budget of the Corporation amount to government subsidies for training and employment of workers. “Over the past two decades the proportion of people with disabilities, who are referred to us from the employment service decreased from 34% to 19%, while the share having different cognitive disorders, on the contrary, increased. Now a typical applicant for the “Samhall” is a person with a neuropsychiatric disorder and a severe family history who have not completed school and are not ready to stay on the job, suffering from alcohol or drug dependence,” says Monica Lindegard, Executive Director of the Corporation. According to her, when a man falls in “Samal”, for a start, it is tested for the ability to work in 16 different areas, including the assessment of fine motor skills, physical strength and cognitive skills. Then he pick up work — based on the results of the first test, he is offered one of the 24 possible positions (guard, foreman, Laundry worker, waiter, gardener, etc.) and begin to teach the necessary skills.A similar algorithm work and have urban day centers, such as cafe “Glacage gongen”, located in the city hall of Stockholm. Most of his employees have certain limitations, which, however, does not prevent them to cook and serve serves traditional Swedish dishes. This is possible thanks to the adaptation of the workplace for each of them. The day centers are designed to give people with disabilities the skills and experience that they then can use on the open labour market. “One of our goals is to offer an alternative to daytime employment and to ensure the transition to the open labour market those who are already working, but is able to develop further. To do this, we not only further train our employees, but also offer employers support and guidance on hiring people with disabilities,” says Lars ahlenius. The “Samhall”, explains Monica Ingegerd even have the ability to act as a professional recruiter. “The work of the personal adviser with the applicant and the new employer goes ahead, during, and upon completion of employmentand. Major customers of the Corporation we provide training chosen employees,” she says.So, now the workers “Samhall” carry out the order of the state company “Swedavia”, the operator of Arlanda airport in Stockholm for the cleaning of one of its terminals and 60 building on prilegayushchei a total area of 161 thousand in sq. m. “Staff “Samhall” clean airport in 2015 and Arlanda has never been so clean,” says a company representative Louise Thompson. According to him, “Swedavia” proud of the cooperation with each of the employees “Samal” and seeks to encourage their talents and strengths. “We feel good toward us and pleased to live a full life,” says working at the airport as a cleaner Catarina, which in the past had a back injury.Assistance in finding jobs in Sweden can provide, and private employment agencies, such as the IIA. It was founded in 1994 and now, after 25 years, employs 170 staff, more than 1 thousand clients and over 3 thousand enterprise partners. It tells the client Agency Rodrigo Oselin, the Agency works on the principle of “pick up work—train—save job” instead of the traditional “train—pick up work.” “When I turned 30, I was diagnosed with Asperger’s syndrome. Thanks to the social support I got in the MIS, were engaged in center work and could find employment for the position of archivist at one of the Swedish radio,” he says. Since the beginning of 2000-x years, she actively collaborates with the Swedish employment services for people with disabilities — impetus to the work of the special staff became invalidusername disease is one of the leaders of the hotels. It tells Magnus Berglund, the Ambassador for accessible environment chain of hotels now at hotels employ people with a variety of diagnoses, from mental to physical disorders. “Someone from our employees has Asperger’s, someone is missing a hand, but they all work directly in hotels and interact with visitors. Our staff is in sight and proud of it,” he says.Anastasia Manuylova
