According to statistics, solar and wind energy on the planet today provides about 8 percent of world electricity consumption. Already by the end of 2019, the share of RES in the energy supply of the leader of European economy Germany reached 46 percent domestically produced electricity. In Russia also, for several years implemented measures support under a separate state program. Over the years, her actions in the domestic market for the wholesale supply of electricity there were some tens of bursts of solar power plants, develop wind farms in Kaliningrad, Ulyanovsk and Rostov regions and in the Republic of Adygea.
in addition, thanks to the support of RES in Russia the high level of development reached manufacturing equipment for solar and wind energy that allows us to talk about a rather high export potential of the industry. The prospect of its development determines the increasing spread of the ideology of decarbonization and reducing the hydrocarbon footprint in the production of goods and services. This desire of the world’s economies in the coming years will be one of the key conditions for presence in global markets, so Russia should prepare for this and to develop instruments to promote renewable energy. This is especially true considering the ratification of the Russian Federation of the Paris climate agreement.
At the same time, according to Vice Chairman of the Board of Association “of NP “market Council” Oleg barkin, renewable energy in this long term play a leading role, but still relatively high cost of production of “green energy” is a major obstacle to their development. In turn, the introduction of such a capital-intensive technology makes critical the question of the cost of attracted financing. According to experts of the “market Council”, the main factor in the development of the industry – the production cost, which will allow the renewables industry to compete with other suppliers. But today the cost of electricity produced at the current Russian renewable energy facilities continues to remain relatively high.
in addition, the performance of such facilities depends largely on the measures of state support and without significantly losing efficiency. For example, in the framework of support for renewable energy production per kilowatt-hour of wind energy costs more than $ 10, sun – more than 20. At the same time, for example, straight-line rate for electricity for the population of the capital is in the range of 4.65-5.47 ruble.
To empower private households, the state Duma adopted amendments to the Federal law “On electric power industry” in terms of the development of microgeneration. Citizens will be able not just to provide residential home electrical��aenergia and to optimize their costs, but also to put its surpluses into the network. First of all, the law establishes the definition of “object of microgeneration”, endowing its owner – user of electricity the right to produce and sell. It also defines some aspects of the regulation of such activities. The object of microgeneration can be anything – like on the basis of exclusively renewable energy, for example wind turbines or solar panels, and on the basis of combined solutions that combine traditional energy sources, the same diesel, for example, and renewable energy. At the same time, according to the law the volume sold guaranteeing supplier not consumed “surplus” at a weighted average price of the wholesale market may not exceed 15 kW. As explained in the state Duma, the limit is due to the fact that the addition of small generation facilities to the grid has the purpose of household consumption should not threaten the safety of consumers and the energy system as a whole. But how to join these objects promise to significantly simplify, freeing applicants from unnecessary bureaucracy.
As described earlier, the Chairman of the Committee on energy, Pavel Zavalny, the creation of a normative base of microgeneration is fully consistent with global trends of decentralization, decarbonization, and some personalization of power. “The law will promote the development of environmentally friendly, close to the consumer energy supply technologies, primarily in difficult, remote and isolated areas, will help to prevent shortages of electricity, smooth out peaks in consumption and to reduced costs for consumers,” he said.
At the same time, confident in the profile Committee of the state Duma, the law on microgeneration needs to be strengthened by the adoption of long-term development Strategy of the Russian Federation with a low level of greenhouse gas emissions until 2050 prepared by the Ministry of economic development. Special attention in the draft Strategy, according to the Chairman of the Committee, should be given to the development of renewable energy sources. It is the increase in their share in the generation is one of the most effective measures leading to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
Thus, the development of renewable energy sources must be considered in light of the unified energy strategy of the Russian Federation and in connection with the issues of digitalization of the industry, microgeneration, the introduction of energy storage systems. Renewable energy is quite capable to participate in ensuring long-term growth of the economy will be reduced if the cost of generating a kilowatt-hour and the objects of “green” generation will be organically integrated into the energy system of the Russian Federation. According to Deputy energy Minister Yuri Manevich, if the power industry will have a good level of investment attractiveness and long-term development, it is callwill allow not only to attract new investors into the industry, but make it customer-oriented. “Renewable energy is a new direction, but meaningful and well-developing program to support in the first phase and extension of this program,” – said the official.
the trend in the development of renewable energy covers almost all countries of the continent. These sources are becoming more and more popular. But we should not forget that without the special support measures they are not yet competitive compared to traditional. This fact is fundamental when we talk about the pace of renewable energy development. Therefore, countries aiming to develop this industry, it is necessary to continue work on the creation of market mechanisms to improve the efficiency of renewable energy sources. One of the key elements of the market mechanism of functioning of renewable energy market and becomes the law of small generation, when the interests of the consumer, supplier and investor is actually concentrated in one person private household which itself determines the optimal amount of generation. This allows using more efficient technologies associated with cheaper cost of kWh, to build more objects.
