Mountain areas cover 44% of the area of Dagestan. Here is located 1186 settlements (72 per cent of the total number of settlements), which are home to more than 930 thousand people – about a third of the population of the region. In this case 472 of the village is in a remote location.
these areas have a large number of infrastructure problems. First, the low quality of electricity supply, as it is wear and tear of backbone networks. Second, poor roads, almost eight thousand kilometers, “the roadside” only about a thousand kilometers of paved trails. Thirdly, the lack of gasification in approximately 800 settlements have no natural gas. The prices for it are too high for local residents in comparison with their income level. Families with children and pensioners are not able to pay for gas.
– the Economy of mountain areas is characterized by a strongly pronounced agricultural specialization, low investment in fixed assets, poor lost trade and industry, said at the scientific-practical conference devoted to the topic, the Minister of economy and territorial development of Dagestan Haji sultans. – In the production of products of agriculture of the Republic the share of mountain areas is 54 percent. While they account for only 7.4 percent of investment in fixed capital of 9.3 retail trade turnover and 15.3 – shipped manufactured goods. The registered unemployment rate here is 2.1 times higher than in the whole country. Every year fixed the Exodus to the plains.
the Ministry of economic development of the Republic, the correspondent “RG” reported that the program provides nine major areas of work. Four of them she had already been informed. This is the subsidize part of the cost for the construction of small greenhouses for the purchase of equipment for the production of food products and beverages, in the establishment of logistics centers and modernization of industrial enterprises.
a New trend has been the payment of lump sums to the inhabitants of the plains, who expressed a desire to work in the highlands, agronomists, veterinarians, zootechnical or machine operators. Also in the authorized capital of the leasing company “Diagnonal” will contribute funds for the purchase of equipment and transport for production purposes. The owners of private farms are subsidizing part of the cost of purchase of small equipment. Provided the increase of the authorized capital of the Corporation of development of Dagestan, the goal is to increase the number of training in the mountains of investment projects.
it is Curious that the government has decided to provide special grant to carry out research work “analysis of the socio-ECnomicheskoj situation of mountain territories of the Republic of Dagestan and the determination of their economic potential.”
Deputy Director of the North Caucasian Institute – branch of Russian presidential Academy of national economy and state service under the Russian President Natalia Kiseleva believes it is important to delimit mountain areas:
– If you take the height above sea level, the Pyatigorsk is a mountainous territory. But this principle of definition of inefficient from the economic point of view, as it will lead to the dissipation of the budget funds. I propose to take for the basis of the “European Charter of mountain territories”, in which the second article says: “Under the mountain territories means the area where the height of the terrain and climate of the particular influence on everyday human activities”.
According to the head of the region Vladimir Vasiliev, in the highlands it is necessary to solve not only infrastructural, but also ecological problems. So, last year, to provide the inhabitants of these territories clear water has allocated 1.3 billion rubles. But Sewerage networks and treatment facilities sorely lacking. Similar situation with the collection of municipal solid waste.
– I was recently shown photographs of garbage heaps, left as visitors and local residents. This is a huge problem. After rains and melting snow Chirkey reservoir turns into a drain flank, where demolition of all that has accumulated in the mountains, – said Vasilyev.
there is the issue of fire. Still in the Republic and remember how four years ago was almost completely burnt down the village of Mokok, without housing there are about 500 people. The fire damaged 83 of the structure.
– there is one house, the wind carries the fire and burn everything. And how to extinguish? The car will not pass because of the terraced architecture, – said Vasilyev.
Now, with the support of the Dagestan state University developed a project that will solve this problem. It is expected to bring up for public discussion.
Businessmen in the mountains also had a hard time, not everyone is able to get support from the authorities. Previously, “RG” talked about the winner of the North Caucasian youth forum “Mashuk” individual entrepreneur Sadrudini on Friday from the village of Lower Keger. He started to produce environmentally friendly canned fruits and vegetables and meat products from local raw material, juices, pickles, compotes and canned meat.
And one time officials put its economy as an example. Sadrudin promised to help in the government of the Republic and the Corporation of development of Dagestan. But further words business is not has gone. In the end, Rasulov had to close the company is to produce products proved to be unprofitable. A small workshop was still his brother, and Sadrudin helps him to stay afloat.
– Conservethe presence of tomatoes and cucumbers is now unprofitable because of the high cost of raw materials. The once popular apricot juice also don’t do as Tara has risen strongly. While the economy is held by the production of corned beef, – says Sadrudin.
is very optimistic of the future entrepreneur Kamal Salmanov. Its apricot and peach orchards and grape plantation located in the village of Miatli on the banks of the Sulak river.
– Judging by the latest visual analysis, the apricot harvest this year will be a record – happy Kamal.
Problems with the implementation of the entrepreneur, most likely, will not. As if anticipating a difficult epidemiological situation, the gardener a few years ago started to accept orders via the Internet. On his page in one of social networks signed by 48 thousand people. The first orders for sweet apricots and peaches have already started to arrive.
At the same time Kamal believes that in the mountains a lot of opportunities to grow your business:
– For example, near the village Miatli, where the favorable climate, hundreds of hectares of land along the banks of the Sulak empty.
besides, now in the Mountain Botanical garden Dagestan scientific center of RAS breed new varieties of stone fruit crops that are resistant to spring frosts return, that will help to expand the area of cultivation in the mountains, and therefore additional options will appear, and growers.
Way
Small business in the mountains – it’s mostly agriculture, trade and construction. The number of such enterprises is decreasing – in 2014, there were almost 20.5 thousand, in 2018 already 16,8 thousand. How to recognize the authorities of the Republic, in these areas there are no conditions for the development of this segment of the economy.
