it is Well known that SSRB first in February of 1919 turned into Litbel, which, in turn, lasted only until mid-July of the same year. In the complex realities of the civil war tactical decisions of the Soviet leadership on the Belarusian issue has varied often. Were in high offices, especially in the environment of comrade Trotsky and those of any state in Minsk and would not hear. Well-known Belarusian historian, corresponding member of NAS of Belarus Igor marzaliuk in his recent book “100 years of the BSSR. Realities and myths” says: “unfortunately, those who do not want to take into account the fact of self-determination of the Belarusian people, in fact intrigued in full.”
But when, in July of 1920 military success, as it seemed to the Bolsheviks, finally smiled the red Army and the front was rapidly approaching towards Warsaw, the Belarusian Soviet state decided to revive it. The reasons for this decision are well represented in the Declaration of 31 July. The Republic declared “in full agreement with the red Army and the Revolutionary military Council of the Western front in the name of the insurgent workers and peasants”, but not on an empty place. Declared that “the basic provisions on the organization of economic life, proclaimed January 1, 1919… recover fully” and “all the laws and regulations of the Polish occupation authorities on the restoration of private property… shall be abolished”.
of great importance was the Declaration lines, where they talked about the fact that resurgent Republic defines its Western border on the ethnographic border “adjoining bourgeois States”. And then rooted the whole point of resuscitation SSRB. At the end of July 1920 the Bolshevik leaders did not rule out the option, which border with Poland will be held on the proposed London “Curzon line”, drawn just for ethnographic reasons. Prompted the creation of an updated state in Minsk and the signing of the Soviet Russia on 12 July 1920 Treaty with Lithuania in order to facilitate the attack on the Polish positions.
it is significant that the masses of the SSRB said immediately. Only on Tuesday 10 August this belated news was able to read the readers of “Pravda” under the date “Minsk, 8 August,” and on Wednesday, August 11 this information appeared on the first page of “Izvestia”, but with the date July 31. The quality of these short publications were unique. For example, “news” actually invented the main Belarusian Bolsheviks – among the signers of the Declaration along with real persons, led by Alexander Chervyakov and Vsevolod Ignatovsky was listed in the first place someone Label.
And since August 16, when the poles near the walls of Warsaw launched a counteroffensive, known as the “miracle on the Vistula”, ��actionsee the reasons for the new proclamation of the Belarusian statehood in the Soviet quickly disappeared. Jozef Pilsudski as head of state and Marshal uniform about any of the Curzon line in the changed conditions and would not hear. But the Belarusian issue was not so simple, and the education of the SSRB, as it turned out, also had a multi-year strategic dimension. This is the beginning to be confirmed in autumn 1920, when the fighting in Poland and Soviet Russia had diplomatic confrontation in Riga, where they began to negotiate a peace Treaty.
the Poles, the existence of SSRB and arrived in Riga its representative Chervyakova officially rejected, and peace of Riga March 18, 1921 on behalf of Belarus was signed by representatives of the RSFSR. As is known, this Treaty led to years of ethnographic section of the Belarusian territory on the Soviet and Polish parts, and the last Pilsudski in any did not want to consider the Belarusian. Already on 4 November 1920 at a meeting in Vilna Marshall told as cut off: “Belarus exists only outside of the Polish state”, and later put it more clearly: “the Belarusian policy though the devils will pobert”.
Arrogant disregard for the existence of the Belarusians and the Belarusian issue, as it turned out, costly interwar Poland. That will be further exploration in Warsaw was known in the 1920’s from razvedennoy that was sent from Riga later known Polish politician and writer Jerzy Stempowski (1893-1969). Under the name Western journalist Raimund Nyholm, he met with Chervyakov, who made on him the impression of a man balanced, calm and reasonable. Calm and considered head of the SSRB explained that the effect of the partition of Belarus is the Belarusian national movement in Poland, striving for reunification with the Soviet Belarus. Forecast the poles a deaf ear to and it came true very soon with absolute precision.
Declared in 1920, the second of the Belarusian Soviet Republic was precisely that in December, 1922, will sign an agreement on the formation of the USSR. And this, too, it is valuable for mother history.
