Reese Witherspoon
for hundreds of years before the industrial revolution, aristocratic paleness was considered a sign of belonging to the higher strata of society (an allusion to the “noble” a life lived in palaces). A tan was associated with serfdom and work in the fields during the day. In the days of Ancient Greece, Rome, the Elizabethan era, the girls used poisonous ceruse, which led to irreversible consequences for the body. Let’s delve into the history and see how changing the fashion on sunburn for centuries.
Ancient Egyptian men and women used to lighten the skin yellow ochre. From the eighth century, Japanese women used poisonous powders based on lead or mercury. The people of China chose rice powder, while the ancient Greeks and Romans used chalk or white lead for the coveted in those years, fair skin.
Marilyn Monroe
During the reign of Elizabeth I women of high society tried to prevent the sun’s rays on your face and applied several layers of a mixture of white lead and vinegar, which provoked gout, anemia, kidney failure and terrible scars.
to add effect and make the skin look more porcelain, some girls drew a thin blue line on the forehead, while others covered their faces with egg white.
needless to say about the United States, where racism has existed since the founding of the state. There are biological differences in skin color were used as justification for the enslavement and oppression of Africans. The whole idea of the colonists was based on the colours, even legal civil rights only applied to the white population.
Coco Chanel
it is believed that tweed suits and little black dress, and the fashion for a tan has introduced Coco Chanel. The legend reads: in 1923, the designer returned to Paris from vacation on the French Riviera (Golden skin tone) and released a collection entitled Riviera. Since many people gave up their aristocratic pallor in favor of tanned skin.
of Course, not to say that the chocolate color was recognized as a standard of beauty. Traditionally, people living in Europe, North America and parts of South America, more like a Golden glow, and girls in other parts of the world including Asia, India and the middle East, I prefer not to take a sun bath and use skin lightening beauty tools.
Now, when gaining momentum the movement Black Lives Matter, more and more cosmetic companies refuse to use in describing their products, the words “whitening” and “brightening”.
a Representative of Unilever Sunny Jain said that these words imply the ideal of beauty which they think is right. He��stressed that the improvement of the products of the company it is also important to change the language they use. The same example was followed by the company Johnson & Johnson. As noted by its leadership, description lightening creams may give the impression that light skin is better with a natural shade.
throughout history, pale skin was considered a sign of higher social status. Roughly speaking, this meant that people were not exposed to sunlight while working in the fields. Until the early 1900s for wealthy European and American women was a common practice to protect themselves from the sun with umbrellas, hats and gloves.
When Elizabeth Bennett, the heroine of “Pride and prejudice”, the novel by Jane Austen, appeared freckles after a walk not in the shadows, she made quite a scandal.
Residents of the Victorian era was not the first one who avoided the sun. In Ancient Greece and Rome women bleached their skin with lead paint and chalk to a deadly pallor.
Health sun
the Fashion for pale sleeping after the industrial revolution. Because of the urbanization in Britain, many began to live in cramped dwellings and work in mines and factories. Any free time spent indoors due to the constant smog in the streets. Children developed rickets and other bone deformation. In 1890 Dr. Theobald palm realized that sunlight has a beneficial effect on bone development. A year later, John Harvey Kellogg (who had yet to invent corn flakes) have designed their first lamp. It was used by king Edward VII, installed in Buckingham Palace to cure gout.
In 1903, a doctor named Niels FinCEN was awarded the Nobel prize in medicine for the invention of “light therapy”. It has proved its effectiveness in the fight against diseases such as rickets and tuberculosis. Soon more and more people began to expose their skin to sunlight for health purposes. In spite of this, a tanned skin is still not considered attractive. Such were the standards of beauty promoted by Western media in the early 1920-ies. At the same time began to produce products such as whitening cream Après L’été from Elizabeth Arden. It was intended to “remove sunburn, freckles and age spots.”
Culture tan
Changing attitudes to sunbathing is closely connected with fashion. In the 1930s a trend began not dresses with long skirts and shorter dresses. Tan was for people another way to flaunt their newfound freedom (they danced and visited places of entertainment).
it is said that French beach resorts for the first time left open throughout the summer (usually in the offseason) 1923 year. This led to the fact that the rich fashionistas we have yet another pastime — sunbathing. Coco Chanel was one of the first who began to popularize the tan.
Ursula Andress
the tanning industry
In 1929, Vogue announced that the popularity of tanning has led to the emergence of a whole new industry. Steel be mass-produced swimwear, cosmetics and beachwear, created solely for the purpose to purchase or show your honey skin tone.
fashion Designer Jean Patou, introduced in 1928, first for tanning oil, Huile de Chaldée. The success of this oil was inspired to create a full-fledged Chaldee perfume that people even in winter, remembered the summer holiday by the sea. It was followed by the first suntan oil with UV filters, Ambre Solaire from L’oréal. It was published in 1935.
Sunscreen Coppertone was invented in the 1940-ies, but this product arrived in stores in 1956, thanks to the popularity of the advertising campaign Coppertone Girl. People certainly knew about the benefits of products that block UV radiation, but this did not prevent many of them use baby or olive oil to sunbathe stronger and faster.
to obtain the desired uniform tanning has become easier after the July 1946 bikini was invented. The film industry is also not left behind. Recall Ursula Andress in James bond’s 1962 Dr. no or the novel of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s “tender is the Night”. In it there is a Chapter telling about the fashionable elite, sunbathing on the French Riviera. Even the Barbie doll 1971 sample was white hair and tanned skin.
Those who did not sunbathe at the coast, regularly went to the Solarium. The first modern Solarium was established in USA in 1978. If previously pale skin was once considered a sign of belonging to the higher strata of society now have tanned skin meant that you have the time and money to spend days on the Cote d’azur.
beauty tools
a prototype of the first self-Tanner was created in 1929. Means Glory of the Sun promised to give the perfect tan out of the box. In 1950-ies of the medical research scientist named Eva Wittgenstein noticed that the medicine that she had stained the skin of patients, but not their clothes. One of the ingredients was a dihydroxyacetone (DHA). And there were modern tanning. To this day this component is used in most similar products, including Man-Tan, Sudden Tan and Quick Tan from Coppertone. Now manufacturers are constantly trying to improve the formula to make the color more normal.
Then there was a procedure called “instant tan”. Mystic Tan, the first modern version was released in 1998. In a special booth on the skin, sprayed tan. This IU��od was improved in 2003 when Jimmy Coco created the world’s first mobile set sun spray. The Creator of the miracle system Jimmy Coco worked on the shows of Victoria’s Secret and was preparing to enter the red carpet.
At the same time, fascination with the sun gave rise to the term Tanorexic, meaning physical or psychological dependence on sunbathing. However, despite the rapid growth of sales tools for artificial tanning, influential persons in the field of beauty noticed another trend.
it’s not fashionable to be chocolate in colour, in trend natural glow, says an expert on tan Cindy Barshop.
Even the loyal star fans of sunburn, such as Cameron Diaz and Kate Hudson, I don’t tan a La Donatella Versace sample of the 2000s, and a more natural skin tone.
the Harm of the sun
However, in the history of the popularity of tanning has occurred turn when dermatologists noticed a surge of skin cancer. According to the Foundation against skin cancer, 90% of all skin cancers are associated with ultraviolet radiation. According to research, the sun provokes premature aging and the appearance of age spots.
Paradox
Why do so many people continue to damage your skin, if you know how dangerous exposure to the sun? According to surveys of buyers network “gold Apple”, 70% say they are buying a sunscreen, and the statistics show that only 11.6% of all consumer network buy these funds. Despite the fact that everyone is aware of the need to use sunscreen, many still do not understand how to choose the right for your skin type. And some do neglect the use of creams with SPF protection, arguing that tans so well. But it is worth remembering that these funds are to protect from negative rays and when used properly provide a smooth and long tan.
