Men with children in Russia earn more than childless women, the difference in income may reach 25%, calculated at the HSE. However, as such “award for fatherhood” does not exist in Russia — the difference in the earnings of water-borne and childless men due soon personal characteristics of the representatives of these categories of employees that are valuable to employers.On the Russian labor market is practically absent factor “premium for fatherhood”, although the difference in earnings between fathers and men without children can reach 25%. This conclusion follows from the work of senior researcher Centre for labour market studies Higher school of Economics Alexey Oshchepkov “Fathers and children: “prize” for fatherhood in the Russian labour market”. In based on the data of the Russian monitoring of economic situation and population health at the HSE for 2010-2018. Explain “the premium for fatherhood” in studies of the labor market is called the excess earnings of men with children, over childless wage. For the first time researchers have documented this phenomenon in the mid-1980s, when began to appear the work of assessing gender differences in pay.Now the majority of studies which examined the correlation between fatherhood and earnings, indicate that in developed countries, in itself, the emergence of the man child does not cause a significant increase in salary. The existing difference in the earnings of water-borne and childless men is explained by the personal characteristics of the representatives of these two categories — in the case of fathers these traits and are important for employers.Similarly, as the new study, the situation is in Russia. Although the earnings of the fathers is about 25% higher than childless men, after adjustment for marital status, age and education level, this difference disappears. As explained by the author Alexey Oshchepkov, this suggests the existence of a mechanism of selection and self-selection — initially more productive men are more likely (or sooner) become fathers. This means that, on the one hand, there are personal characteristics that positively affect the decision to start a family, and the position of men in the labour market. On the other hand, it also suggests that the “selection” of men in the fathers of their future children women consider their prospects in the labour market: choosing, for example, men with a higher level of earnings or rate of growth.The only category of fathers whose earnings exceeded the income comparable in all respects childless, is men who have one native child under the age of three years. However, their “award for fatherhood” is only about 2.5–3%. “We can assume that this category of fathers is the most siflax expressed specialization of labor within households and the motivation to earn due to a pronounced identity with the father’s role of breadwinner,” said the author of the work.The virtual absence in Russia “award for fatherhood”, as well as modest by international standards “the penalty for motherhood” (falling earnings of women at the birth of a child), may indicate less severe the impact of the projected separation of gender roles in the family in work and employment. This is also evidenced by employment rates among women. In Russia, they are comparable to the indicators for the Nordic countries, which are among the highest in the EU.Anastasia Manuylova
