According to chamber, execution of budget expenditures for the four projects in four months exceeded 25 percent. How do you assess this result and whether it is possible to evaluate how the impact on the implementation of the national projects pandemic and its associated consequences for the economy?
Denis co: Cash execution of Federal budget expenditure on national projects and Comprehensive plan for the modernization and expansion of trunk infrastructure for the first four months 2020 amounted to 562,9 billion, or 25 percent of the target for 2020 funding. Share performance in 2020 is slightly higher than in 2019 (24 percent 411,9 billion).
the Leader in performance remains the national project “Health” – 44.5 per cent. A 25% level of performance for the period exceeded the national projects “Housing and the urban environment”, “Demographics” and “Culture”. It should also be noted 23.6% of the cash execution of expenses on realization of the national project “Science.”
Among the key events, the implementation of which managed to achieve such indicators of cash execution of the national projects, we can distinguish the transfer of interbudgetary transfers to the budget of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation on the provision of maternity capital in the framework of the national project “Demography” for the total amount 158,2 billion; the transfer of interbudgetary transfers to the budget of HIF for the provision of medical care to cancer patients in accordance with clinical recommendations (treatment protocols) in the framework of the national project “Health” for a total amount of 120 billion rubles; property contribution of the Russian Federation for the sustainable reduction of uninhabitable housing in the framework of the national project “Housing and the urban environment” in the amount of 35.4 billion rubles.
it is difficult to assess the specific consequences of the pandemic from the point of view of implementation of national projects – they are largely dependent on the development of the epidemiological situation, the duration of existing restrictions, and other factors. When it is safe to say that the current situation in the economy and social sphere will seriously affect the implementation of national projects, especially in the most affected industries.
what is the difference of expenditure on different projects?
Denis co: Differences in the dynamics of the cash execution of national projects due to their structure and specificity costs. For example, in the framework of the national project “Health” provided and implemented in the first quarter, in fact, “technical” transfer of budget appropriation in the budget of the HIF for the provision of medical care for patients with cancer (slightly less than 40 percent of all expenditures for the implementation of the national��on the project).
in the framework of the national project “Science” these costs are not incurred. A large amount in the cost structure of this national project is the provision of budget subsidies (Autonomous) institutions, including the implementation of capital investments. New grounds for transferring these budget allocations in the first quarter arose.
Low utilization is primarily associated with the implementation of the Federal project “Development of advanced infrastructure for research and development in Russia”. Cash execution of -1.8%, or 505,9 million rubles for the same period. From the point of view of the accounting chamber is most likely due to the implementation of the specified Federal project primarily through the state contract, the period of performance of the obligation which expires at the end of 2020.
with regard to the national project “Science”, how do you assess the effectiveness of R & d, because from the moment of invention, development, and implementation may take years?
Denis co: of Course, it is impossible to evaluate the development of the scientific sphere, only based on the national project. Thus according to the accounting chamber to provide a technological breakthrough, the amount of financing of the national project “Science” is quite small as against the current spending of the budgets of all levels, and in comparison with leading countries.
In relation to GDP and the expenditure side of the Federal budget expenditures on civilian science did not increase. The total amount of allocations for civil science from the Federal budget in 2019 amounted to 422,15 billion, or 2.65 percent of the costs. According to the specific weight of expenditures on science in 2018 GDP (0.99 percent), Russia lags far behind leading countries. The average for member countries of the European Union, the figure is 2.03 percent of GDP, and the OECD of 2.4%.
the Problem of efficiency of R & d and reduce the passage of the stages of the innovation cycle from discovery to final product is extremely relevant for Russia. The performance of the scientific activity in Russia is still not up to par. For example, ranking in 2017, the 10th in the world in expenditure on science and the lead on the absolute scale of employment in the science, Russia in the number of patent applications, behind the United States almost 16 times, from China – 38 times. In addition, despite the fact that Russia is among the top ten countries in number of patents obtained, the number is ten times less than annually declares and gets each of the countries of the five countries ‘ leaders.
last year the audit chamber in the pilot mode has monitored the implementation of national projects. Among other things, revealed serious problems in system management. Over the past year was out��ENES any corrections taking into account the comments of the accounting chamber?
Denis co: Serious and “often” a barrier to the implementation of the national and Federal projects was a lack of regulatory support. The indicators included in the national projects are not fully described its purpose.
Recommendations of the accounts chamber of the Russian Federation, data on the results of inspections published in January 2020, was to some extent taken into consideration by Federal Executive authorities. Mainly correction of regulatory base and methodological approaches. Major changes in the management system they have not undergone.
in Addition to monitoring the implementation of national projects you had planned to launch an alternative monitoring – based on data from a wide range of sources. Why is it necessary and is this monitored?
Denis co: the chamber is developing a dashboard of national goals and national projects. Practically now it is the only open information resource where you can track the progress of achievement of target indicators of national goals, national and Federal projects.
this is about implementing viable operational alternative monitoring can not speak, due to a number of problems. So, if you are monitoring using a variety of sources, we are faced with the problem of inconsistency of data on the same indicators in different information systems, departmental and regional statistics, the data of opinion polls conducted by various organizations. By most measures of national projects values are calculated only annually (with a delay of from four months to two years).
Also keep in mind that many specialized indicators have been created for the first time in the development of national passports of the projects, a number of indicators there is still no methodology for their calculation, a number of national projects have spheres of influence that are not retrospective observation – all this makes it difficult to fully estimate tracking changes in the situation.
the Use of alternative qualitative indicators of real changes in the quality of life of the population, the status of industries after one year of implementation for most projects is premature, because the socio-economic effects mainly can be obtained in the medium and long term. However, the use of alternative data is considered by the accounting chamber as the control and evaluation of the projects ‘ implementation.
