the Operator of the program will perform the “RT-invest” (“daughter” of Rostekh), which is already building four waste incineration plant technologies Hitachi Zosen INOVA – three in the Moscow region, one in Tatarstan. The main equipment supplier will be Rosatom and VNESHECONOMBANK.Russia will Finance the construction.
site Specific host plants shall be determined by the government based on the needs of the regions, reported “RG” in the “RT-invest”. In the first place, the plants will appear where there are a large number of landfills that have already developed the resource. “First of all, we are talking about the cities and tourist centers. In particular, in Sochi, measures need to be taken now. This city is now bogged down in debris, especially in season, says CEO Andrew Shipilov. A telling example of the Moscow region, where, until recently, the volume of landfill reached 97%. Today it has been reduced significantly due to the closure of landfills and construction of new facilities for recycling. By 2023, the rate in the suburbs will be reduced to 25-30%”.
Incinerators are the final link after separate collection, sorting and processing fractions, recyclable (glass, plastics, metals, paper and organics), emphasize the “RT-invest”. Foreign experience shows that, on average, for processing receives about half of the waste, the rest goes to incineration with energy production.
the Capacity of each plant that will be built under the agreement – 550 thousand tons per year. In total, they will be able to annually process about 14 million tonnes of waste. “This will prevent the occurrence of more than 80 new landfills, close 25 existing and save about 60 thousand hectares of land. Area can you compare it with Paris or territory of Kazan”, – specify in the “RT-invest”.
the Total cost of the plants is estimated at 600 billion rubles, the estimated amount of the participation of EBV.Russia – about 200 billion rubles. The Corporation expects to attract to this project investment of banks and private investors, including through public-private partnerships and the mechanism is “green bonds,” said Chairman WEBB.Of the Russian Federation Igor Shuvalov. Implementation of the project in full will create an influx of additional investment in industry in the amount of 459 billion rubles will allow to create in Russia a new sector with high export potential. When you have finished the Russian solutions in the field of power generation from waste and the possibility of exports in countries such as India, Indonesia, South Africa and others, are planning the construction of facilities for processing waste into energy, the report said.
“In General, the implementation of the project may take about ten years,” says Shipilov.
KOMPANIand I emphasize that 25 plants are environmentally friendly enterprises and will help to improve the environmental situation in the cities. However, environmentalists need their construction is very skeptical. “In January 2017, the European Commission issued a communiqué in which it stated that it is necessary to abandon the construction of incinerators where they are not, and to reduce the use of where they exist”, – said the Director of the Institute of ecology, HSE, doctor of geographical Sciences Boris Morgunov. “The cost of energy produced by incinerators may several times exceed the cost of energy from traditional sources. However, information about who will compensate for the difference in the conditions of surplus of energy and economic impact of the pandemic is not” – stresses our relationships. In addition, when burning MSW is a slight decrease in the mass of waste, and the bulk goes from one quality to another (off-gases, fly ash, slag, waste water, etc.).
Europe, according to Sarychev, became hostage to the technologies of incineration, and their replacement by more sophisticated methods (e.g., application of plasma gasification or anaerobic digestion of biodegradable waste) take a lot of time. The feasibility of launch is gradually dying and extremely expensive solutions in Russia is in doubt, the Professor says. In his opinion, there must be public discussion of such projects, providing information about the technological characteristics of the plants, safety performance indicators and their cost-effectiveness.
Against the project of construction of 25 factories acts and Greenpeace, pointing out in particular that the combustion forms toxic ash that has a higher hazard class for disposal which will have to build new polygons.
questions Remain, and from the point of view of electricity generation. This type of generation added to the renewable energy and it is assumed that, in addition to the cost for garbage disposal, the operator of a waste incineration plant actually receives revenues from sales of heat and energy on a green tariff contracts for the supply of power (PDM). By their terms, the investors agree to enter new capacities of electricity generation by a certain date, and the state guarantees the sale at higher rates during the 10 years in which the investment in fixed assets shall return.
the press service of the Ministry, “RG” reported that the Agency strongly opposes any measures to support such projects due to the increase in payments by electricity consumers. “We have not received information about plans to build 25 plants for energy recovery of municipal solid waste, therefore, assume that the investors plannedthe ruyut to implement the project at no cost in electricity markets”, – told in the press service of the energy Ministry.
In the whole of Russia in the framework of the Unified energy system there is an excess of generation. In the General scheme of placing of objects of electric power industry until 2020 was laid, the annual average power consumption growth of 4.1% but actual was only about 1%, and now there is a reduction of energy consumption, which, according to experts, will be restored for a long time.
on the other hand, power generation is not the main goal of these companies. And make garbage into electricity is better than just burn it or send it to a landfill. The total generation capacity of 25 plants for energy recovery will be approximately 1.5 GW. In addition, they plan to build in the cities and tourist centers where electricity demand is higher.
According to the head of risk assessment group sustainable development of ACRE Maxim Hudalova, margins in the business of recycling is low. High transport costs, the cost of sorting and cleaning the gases of combustion, the disposal of ash. Conventionally, with 20% operating profitability return on investment can be achieved within 20 years at a constant current tariffs for export of municipal solid wastes, heat and electricity. But such a long payback period for infrastructure projects is normal, he said.
To reduce the cost of financing plant operators may resort to issue green bonds, which will reduce the cost of financing at the expense of investors focused on sustainable development. Furthermore, the introduction of modern industrial facilities of the relevant best available techniques can get a subsidy to pay interest payments in the Ministry of industry and trade, said hudlow.
While on the power market with respect to the construction of plants for energy recovery is not unambiguous. In “market Council” stressed that the negative attitude to the use of the PDM mechanism to build such expensive and unnecessary in fact power. Support incineration at the expense of the wholesale market of electric power and capacity generates interbranch and interterritorial cross-subsidization, which leads to higher prices for consumers in wholesale and retail electricity markets. It shifts the solution of environmental problems with the “producers of garbage” on all electricity consumers, as well as from one region to other regions, believe in “Market Council”.
